Scientists talked about the behavior of black holes when merging

Astronomers at Columbia University have reported a record-breaking record of gravitational waves from a black hole collision. This was reported on December 9 in the journal Science Daily.

"This unprecedentedly clear signal of a black hole merger, known as GW250114, puts to the test some of our most important hypotheses about black holes and gravitational waves," said Maximilian Isi, an astronomer at Columbia University.

The new observation provided the most detailed confirmation to date of how black holes form after merging. The GW250114 event signal recorded in January 2025 turned out to be almost four times cleaner than the first historical detection a decade ago. Improving the sensitivity of the detectors allowed the researchers to reconstruct the mass and rotation parameters of objects with unprecedented accuracy.

According to Isi, such a clear registration makes it possible to verify key assumptions about the nature of event horizons and the dynamics of gravitational fluctuations. One of the central results was the verification of Stephen Hawking's thesis that the area of the horizon of a black hole does not decrease. The analysis showed that the final object after the merger has an area not less than the total area of the original black holes, which enhances the first experimental verification in 2021.

Blazar series: merging of black holes will help to measure the universe more accurately

How the study of mysterious space objects will allow the creation of sensors and devices of a new generation

Special attention is paid to late fluctuations. By separating and studying the gravitational waves after the merger, the scientists determined the characteristics of the final object by analogy with how the timbre of the impact on the hollow structure allows us to judge its size. These data became the strongest confirmation that a real black hole corresponds to the mathematical model of mathematician Roy Kerr, proposed in the 1960s.

The Isi emphasized that further improvement of gravity detectors in the coming years will make it possible to study the nature of such objects in even more detail and clarify the fundamental provisions of the general theory of relativity.

Earlier, on September 29, BBC Science Focus reported on the assumption of scientists, which implies the emergence of the Universe from a black hole, and not as a result of the Big Bang. According to Professor Henire Gastagnaga from the University of Portsmouth, the Big Bang was a "big bounce" when matter falling into a black hole contracted, bounced off and expanded, creating the universe.

All important news is on the Izvestia channel in the MAX messenger.