Comet 3I/ATLAS got as close to Earth as possible: what is known

The interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, which has aroused scientific interest and speculation about its extraterrestrial origin, got as close to Earth as possible on December 19. During the Results of the Year, Russian President Vladimir Putin jokingly called the object a Russian secret weapon, noting its safety for the planet. All the details are in the Izvestia article.

What is known about the interstellar comet

Comet 3I/ATLAS is the third confirmed interstellar object discovered in the Solar System. It attracted the attention of scientists with its unusual chemical composition and active behavior when approaching the Sun. In late November and early December 2025, the comet was studied using XMM-Newton and XRISM X-ray machines, which allowed us to obtain unique data on the interaction of its gas with the solar wind.

The images show an extended X-ray glow extending for hundreds of thousands of kilometers from the core. Spectral analysis has shown the presence of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in the cometary matter. These observations complement the data obtained in the optical and infrared ranges, helping scientists understand the nature of interstellar objects.

According to astronomers, on December 19, the comet reached the minimum distance to Earth — about 270 million km. At the same time, according to the popularizer of astronomy Alexander Kiselyov, the object poses no threat to the planet. For several days, the distance will remain almost unchanged, after which the comet will begin to move away.

Reaction to Comet 3I/ATLAS

The 3I/ATLAS object has generated many theories, including versions about its artificial origin. Some observers pointed to anomalies in the comet's behavior and shape, hypothesizing about a possible alien ship. However, the scientific community considers these assumptions as speculative, based on observational data.

At the same time, Russian President Vladimir Putin jokingly commented on the topic during the annual direct line. At the same time, the Russian leader stressed that Russia opposes the deployment of weapons in outer space.

"This is classified information. This is our secret weapon, we will use it only as a last resort," he said.

Putin also noted that the comet has a different nature compared to the objects of the Solar System, which explains its unusual behavior. He had previously stated that the comet would travel to Jupiter and leave the Solar System early next year. These statements were made in response to a question during a live broadcast.

Alien object 3I/ATLAS will approach the Earth any day now.: what is it and is it dangerous?

What awaits the comet next

After approaching Earth, Comet 3I/ATLAS will continue moving towards the outer limits of the Solar System. According to scientists, in March 2026 it will pass at a distance of about 58 million km from Jupiter. The gravitational interaction with the gas giant can affect its trajectory, after which the object will leave our star system forever.

Observations of the comet will continue as long as it remains in the field of view of the telescopes. Astronomers hope to obtain additional data on the composition and properties of interstellar matter. Scientists from Harvard University have previously reported new anomalies in the object's behavior that require further study.

Despite the comet's imminent departure, scientific discussions around it are likely to continue. The object has already become one of the most discussed space events of the year, bringing together professional and amateur astronomers. Its study contributes to understanding the formation of other star systems.

All important news is on the Izvestia channel in the MAX messenger.